Ethische Prinzipien und das Spannungsfeld von Autonomie und Fürsorge

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by to-teach Team
7 pagesAuszubildende im PflegeberufHealth and Social Care, Ethics
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Zielsetzung: Das übergeordnete Lernziel ist die Sensibilisierung für die Wahrung der Menschenwürde in schambesetzten Pflegesituationen. Die Lernenden sollen befähigt werden, das Spannungsfeld zwischen der Autonomie der Patient:innen und der pflegerischen Fürsorge ethisch zu reflektieren, normative Quellen (wie den ICN-Ethikkodex) anzuwenden und professionelle Handlungsstrategien zur Deeskalation und Enttabuisierung zu entwickeln.

Inhalte und Methoden: Das Arbeitsblatt behandelt die ethischen Grundlagen der Pflege am Beispiel der Inkontinenzversorgung. Die methodische Umsetzung erfolgt über:

  • Empathie-Aktivierung: Partnerarbeit zur Reflexion von Gefühlen wie Scham und Ekel aus Patient:innen- und Pflegekraftperspektive / Normative Textarbeit: Recherche und Analyse des ICN-Ethikkodex und der Charta der Rechte hilfe- und pflegebedürftiger Menschen
  • Rollenspiel & Kommunikation: Erarbeitung und Erprobung von Rollenskripten, die den Kontrast zwischen würdevoller und missachtender Pflege (verbale/nonverbale Zeichen) verdeutlichen
  • Strukturierte Diskussion: Stationengespräche über Paternalismus, Gewalt in der Pflege und den mutmaßlichen Willen
  • Visualisierung: Erstellung eines Schaubilds zur Darstellung der Zusammenhänge zwischen Autonomie, Fürsorge und rechtlichem Rahmen

Kompetenzen:

  • Ethische Reflexionskompetenz: Fähigkeit, moralische Dilemmata im Pflegealltag zu erkennen und auf Basis normativer Kodizes zu begründen
  • Kommunikative Kompetenz: Anwendung schammindernder Kommunikation und Techniken zur Affektregulation
  • Sozial-empathische Kompetenz: Perspektivwechsel zur Wahrung der Intimsphäre und Förderung der Selbstbestimmung der Patient:innen
  • Methodenkompetenz: Transfer von theoretischem Wissen (Recht/Ethik) in praktische Handlungsalgorithmen und Visualisierungen

Zielgruppe und Niveau:

Berufsschule

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