Colonialism and its consequences (Learning Stations)

Objective: Learners gain an understanding of the consequences of colonialism by focusing on various aspects of a selected (former) colonised nation.

Content and methodology: Learners begin by examining a photograph related to colonialism. Based on this, they acquire basic knowledge about the concept and circumstances. The individual focal points of the station work are: history of a colony, social consequences, political consequences and colonialism in the present day. Based on these focal points, learners acquire comprehensive knowledge about the consequences of colonialism and its effects on the perception and living environment of a selected (formerly) colonised nation.

Competencies:

Explaining and examining one's own and others' value orientations
Reconstructing historical facts (reconstruction)
Explaining the effects of political, economic and social structures and processes on people's lives and experiences

Target group and level: 8th - 10th grade

Note: Due to the volume, creation takes longer.

50 other teachers use this template

Target group and level

8th-10th grade

Subjects

HistoryEnglish

Preview

Colonialism and its consequences (Learning Stations)

📋 Task

Look at the photograph below. Then write down your first impression.

**Identification and Description:**

1. **People:**
- There are five individuals present.
- Four appear to be men carrying a sedan chair; they are shirtless or wearing minimal clothing, suggesting a tropical or hot environment.
- An individual is seated in the sedan chair, wearing light-colored clothing and a wide-brimmed hat. His clothing suggests he might be of European descent and is likely to be an authority figure.

2. **Objects:**
- A sedan chair or hammock-like contraption: Made of fabric with a canopy, suggesting a form of transportation for dignitaries or travelers.
- The carriers are holding wooden poles attached to this seat.

3. **Setting/Background:**
- The scene appears to be outdoors in a tropical location, indicated by the presence of palm trees and dense foliage.
- The ground is covered with grass or dirt, further emphasizing an outdoor setting.

4. **Composition and Perspective:**
- The composition has a clear foreground where the people and the sedan chair are located, with foliage in the background.
- The photo is taken at eye level, capturing the main subjects straightforwardly.

5. **Colors and Mood:**
- The photo is in black and white, which imparts a historical and somewhat formal mood. The contrasting tones highlight the fabric's texture and the foliage's density.

**Interpretation and Contextualization:**

* **Possible Meaning/Symbolism:**
- The image likely depicts a colonial or imperial scenario, representing the social hierarchy and racial dynamics of the era. The sedan chair suggests privilege and authority, while the carriers reflect labor and servitude.

* **Social/Political Context:**
- This image appears to be from a colonial period where European powers had colonies in tropical regions. It is emblematic of colonial attitudes and economics, highlighting exploitation and racial inequalities.

* **Cultural Context:**
- The clothing and mode of transportation suggest the late 19th or early 20th century. Information about colonial history, especially regarding European colonization in Africa or Asia, would be relevant to understanding this context.

* **Intention of the Photographer (hypothetical):**
- The photographer may have intended to document daily life in a colonial setting or highlight the disparity between the colonizers and the local population.

* **Emotional Impact:**
- The image evokes thoughts on social injustice, exploitation, and the legacy of colonialism. It may prompt reflections on privilege and the harsh realities experienced by colonized peoples.

This image appears to be a significant historical document, shedding light on the practices and attitudes during colonial times. Understanding the context is essential to grasping its full implications.

🧩 Colonialism – what exactly is it?

📋 Task

All right, let's get started with the basics! In the information text, you will find all the important facts about colonialism. The video explains in detail what a colony was and which regions were colonised. Then complete the tasks.

A dark chapter in history: colonialism and its legacy

Colonialism refers to the expansion of European countries' power over non-European territories with the primary goal of economic exploitation. This era began in the Age of Discovery in the 15th century and reached its peak in the 19th and 20th centuries. European nations such as Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, France and England initially pursued colonialism for private economic interests before state authorities became involved. In contrast, imperialism describes political and military expansion and the establishment of empires.

Colonialism was characterised by the exploitation of raw materials and the oppression of the indigenous population. Missionaries, explorers and merchants played a significant role in colonisation. Rule over the territories was often enforced by force, and the European colonial powers established structures that continue to have an impact today, such as artificial borders and unilateral economic orientation. A significant example is the collaboration of indigenous elites with the colonial powers in the slave trade.

During colonialism, millions of Africans were transported to the New World as slaves. These people suffered unspeakable torment, both physically and psychologically. Nevertheless, there was resistance, such as the successful slave rebellion in Haiti. In the 20th century, colonialism largely ended with decolonisation after the Second World War, with many former colonies gaining independence.

Sources: Federal Agency for Civic Education, Deutschlandfunk.

📋 Select the correct answer from the options provided.

🔎 History of a colony

Now you will learn more about a selected colony. Read the newspaper article and then complete the tasks.

The British Grip on Egypt: A Tale of Economic and Strategic Control

Egypt's colonial history under British rule is emblematic of the broader motivations behind European colonialism. Initially, Egypt was part of the Ottoman Empire from 1517 until the early 20th century, but British influence began to increase significantly in the late 19th century. The strategic interest in Egypt was predominantly driven by its geographical position as a gateway to the Orient and its proximity to the Suez Canal, a vital maritime route for British imperial ambitions.

In 1882, Egypt was effectively brought under British control following the Anglo-Egyptian War. This occupation was not characterized by direct colonial status but rather as a protectorate, allowing Britain to exert significant influence over Egyptian politics and economy without full annexation. Lord Cromer, the British Consul-General from 1883 to 1907, played a crucial role in consolidating Britain's grip over Egypt, focusing on financial reforms and asserting control over Egyptian governance.

The economic exploitation was evident as Egypt's resources and labor were redirected to serve British interests, particularly in cotton production. This era of occupation lasted until 1952 when the Egyptian Revolution led by the Free Officers, including Gamal Abdel Nasser, ended British dominance. The colonial period left a lasting impact on Egypt, shaping its modern political landscape and fueling nationalist sentiments that continue to influence the region today.

📋 Task

Answer the two questions using the newspaper article.

🏛️ Political consequences

Okay, now you will look at the consequences of colonialism. To do this, you will learn more about the influence of the colonial power on the political structures of the colony through two individuals.

📋 Task

Read through the two role cards. Then you can answer the questions.

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Gamal Abdel Nasser was a pivotal figure in Egypt's history, leading the country through significant political changes. Born in 1918, Nasser became the President of Egypt and a symbol of anti-colonialism in the Arab world. His leadership in the 1952 revolution against British rule marked the end of colonial dominance and the beginning of Egypt as a republic. Nasser's policies focused on nationalization, including the Suez Canal, which was previously controlled by British interests. This move sparked the Suez Crisis, highlighting the political tension between Egypt and Western powers. Nasser's vision was rooted in Pan-Arabism, seeking unity and independence for Arab nations. His efforts in modernizing Egypt and advocating for social justice had lasting impacts, although his authoritarian style also faced criticism. Nasser's legacy is a testament to the political consequences of colonialism, as he sought to redefine Egypt's place in the world free from foreign control.

Saad Zaghloul

Saad Zaghloul was a prominent Egyptian revolutionary and statesman, instrumental in the country's struggle for independence from British rule. Born in 1859, Zaghloul led the Wafd Party, championing Egyptian nationalism and the demand for self-governance. His political activism peaked during the 1919 Egyptian Revolution, following his exile by the British, which sparked widespread protests. Zaghloul's efforts culminated in the recognition of Egypt as a sovereign state in 1922, though true independence was hindered by continued British influence. His leadership was pivotal in mobilizing public opinion against colonial oppression, emphasizing the importance of political and economic autonomy. Despite obstacles, Zaghloul's legacy is celebrated as a key architect of modern Egypt's political identity, inspiring future generations to pursue democratic and nationalistic aims. The challenges faced by Zaghloul highlight the enduring impact of colonialism, as Egypt navigated its path to sovereignty and the complexities of post-colonial governance.

🗣️ Social consequences

Looks like someone left you a diary entry! You are now looking at the consequences of colonialism for society.

📋 Task

Read through the entry and then complete the tasks.

The Lingering Shadows of Colonialism

Dear Diary,

Today, my mind wandered back to the days when Egypt was under British control, and I pondered how those times still influence us. Although we gained independence, the remnants of colonial rule persist in shaping our society.

Under British rule, education in Egypt was a privilege rather than a right. Many families couldn't afford to send their children to school, and educational opportunities were mainly found in cities, leaving those in rural areas without a proper education. Even now, we strive to ensure all children have access to quality schooling. The government is working hard to build more schools and train teachers, but it's a slow journey.

Healthcare is another legacy of colonization. Back then, medical services were scarce and often only available to the affluent. Today, while we have more hospitals, the quality of care can be inconsistent. In rural areas, the lack of doctors and medications is still a challenge. Efforts are being made to improve this, but it requires patience and persistent effort.

Socially, colonization altered the fabric of our communities. The disparities between the wealthy and the poor that started in those times still exist today, leading to social tensions. These inequalities often spark unrest, reminding us of the need for change.

Despite these hurdles, there is hope. Many of us are dedicated to creating a better society. We work tirelessly for improved education, healthcare, and social justice. I dream of an Egypt where the shadows of colonialism are replaced by equality and freedom.

Until next time, Fatima

📋 Select the correct answer from the options provided.

📋 Write a short text on the given question.

🔎 And what about colonialism today?

The current debate on colonialism encompasses the examination of structural injustices and the demand for reparations and compensation. It also addresses the decolonisation of education, culture and the economy in order to create a more just and equal future. In art, literature and the media landscape, there is a growing interest in narrating and honouring the stories and perspectives of these communities. One example of this is the debate about the return of art objects from former colonies in European museums.

📋 Task

Watch the video about the Benin statues from Nigeria and then complete the task.