Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung als Anspruch und Ziel des Pflegeberufs

This worksheet introduces future professionals to the biopsychological foundations of adolescence. Learners should recognize that challenging behavior often results from neurological changes and is not a deliberate act of aggression. The goal is to distinguish between the person and their actions in order to act in a way that de-escalates situations, provides support, and maintains positive relationships in their daily professional practice.

Content and Methods:

The material combines theoretical input from developmental psychology with practical case studies and self-reflection. After exploring the neurological foundations, learners “decode” typical behaviors. In a subsequent case analysis, they critically evaluate educational interventions and develop alternative professional approaches. A concluding reflection on their own emotional “triggers” reinforces their professional attitude.

Competencies:

Learners can...

• explain the neurological and psychological changes that occur during adolescence (particularly the interaction between the limbic system and the prefrontal cortex).
• psychologically interpret observable, challenging adolescent behavior (such as provocation, rule-breaking, or shame) and classify it as an age-typical developmental task.
• critically analyze the actions of professionals in acute crisis situations (e.g., in cases of extreme risk-taking behavior) with regard to de-escalation, the duty to protect, and relationship-building.
• Develop professional and practical alternative courses of action that simultaneously set clear boundaries and preserve the adolescents’ emotional safety.
• Reflect on one’s own emotional “triggers” when interacting with adolescents in order to maintain professional distance and composure in everyday work.

Target group and level:

Adult students or trainees in the field of social pedagogy, particularly aspiring educators.

This worksheet aims to provide aspiring educators with a solid sociological understanding of the “adolescence” life stage based on Klaus Hurrelmann’s model of developmental tasks. Learners will gain an awareness of the specific challenges, areas of conflict, and identity-formation processes that adolescents must navigate. They will learn to apply theoretical developmental tasks to concrete everyday situations faced by adolescents, analyze critical factors such as school-related pressure to perform, and develop strategies to alleviate these pressures in educational practice.

Content and Methods: This worksheet addresses the specific characteristics and challenges of adolescence, the four central developmental tasks identified by Klaus Hurrelmann (acquiring skills, forming bonds, consuming, and participating), as well as the tension between various societal influences and the development of identity in children and adolescents. Methodologically, the worksheet employs a combination of personal reflection and partner discussions to define concepts, an informative academic text with a tabular classification of everyday examples, and a small-group problem analysis to develop practical, stress-reducing approaches for educational practice.

Competencies:

Learners can...

• describe the characteristics of adolescence and distinguish it from childhood and adulthood, providing reasons for their distinctions.
• explain the four developmental tasks identified by Klaus Hurrelmann (acquiring skills, forming bonds, consuming, participating) and classify everyday situations according to these criteria.
• critically reflect on the causes and consequences of academic pressure on adolescents’ identity and personality development.
• design and justify action-oriented approaches and strategies to alleviate pressure in schools and educational settings.

Target group and level:

Adult students or trainees in the field of social pedagogy, particularly aspiring educators.

This worksheet aims to provide aspiring educators with a solid understanding of the stages of child development (early, middle, and late childhood). Learners should be made aware of how to correctly classify developmental phenomena and milestones in the areas of motor skills, cognition, language, and emotional/social development. They will learn to critically compare their own everyday experiences with scientific findings, to analyze everyday observations from a professional perspective, and to design needs-based educational interventions based on a needs assessment.

Content and Methods:

The worksheet combines visual stimuli, prior knowledge, academic texts, social media analyses, and case studies. After assessing their prior knowledge of the three stages of childhood, students explore the developmental characteristics of each stage in terms of motor skills, cognition, language, and social behavior. Using fictional tweets from professional practice, they classify developmental phenomena according to academic categories. The unit concludes with a case study from a selected stage of childhood, for which students conduct a needs assessment and develop a well-reasoned practical plan.

Competencies:

Learners can...

• describe and distinguish between the developmental stages of early, middle, and late childhood in terms of their motor, cognitive, and social-emotional dimensions,
• identify key developmental phenomena (e.g., the emergence of self-awareness, magical thinking, acquisition of cultural skills) in observational data and explain them using specialized terminology,
• systematically compare their own practical observations with expert knowledge of developmental theory,
• conduct a pedagogical needs assessment for a specific case study and, based on this, develop and justify tailored pedagogical interventions.

Target group and level:

Adult students or trainees in the field of social pedagogy, particularly aspiring educators.

The worksheet aims to provide students with a fundamental understanding of a specific theory within the field. Students are expected to grasp the theory's core assumptions, contextualize technical terms, and recognize the significance of theoretical explanatory approaches for analyzing, interpreting, and reflecting on subject-specific contexts.

Content and Methods:

The focus is on the core idea of ​​the respective theory, key technical terms, and important theorists, as well as their relevance to understanding subject-specific phenomena, processes, or practical situations. Methodologically, the worksheet combines image analysis, hypothesis generation, work with texts, structuring information via a study card, subject-specific review through a terminology puzzle, and a final self-assessment.

Competencies:

• Acquiring specialized knowledge regarding theoretical explanatory approaches and applying key terms
• Extracting, highlighting, and structuring information from a foundational text
• Explaining theoretical content in one's own words
• Verifying initial hypotheses and refining them using subject-specific terminology
• Reflecting on and assessing one's own learning progress

Target Group and Level:

Students or trainees in the field of social pedagogy, particularly aspiring educators. The level of difficulty ranges from basic to intermediate.

Objective: The worksheet raises learners' awareness of the potential of artificial intelligence to promote inclusion and accessibility. The aim is to understand how technological assistance systems can increase the independence of people with disabilities in everyday life.

Content and methods: The content includes an introduction to AI-supported assistance functions for people with disabilities, basic knowledge about this form of disability, typical barriers in everyday life, and ethical issues relating to data protection, accessibility, and the relationship between human and technical support. This is supplemented by practical case studies and the development of students' own app ideas as an application of what they have learned. The methods include the assignment and analysis of specific AI functions, theoretical impulses with hypothesis formation, empathic role-playing, scenario-based case work, creative project work on app design, and structured reflection and discussion phases on ethical aspects.

Competencies:

• Perspective taking: Developing empathy for the realities of life for people with disabilities
• Media and technology skills: Recognizing AI as a tool for assistive technologies
• Problem-solving skills: Transferring technological knowledge to complex everyday obstacles
• Ethical judgment: Critical examination of social conditions

Target group and level: Grade 8 and above

Objective: The worksheet aims to teach learners de-escalation and prevention strategies for dealing with violence. It is designed to raise awareness of the causes and forms of violence and to train learners in the ability to act professionally and non-violently in stressful situations.

Content and methods: The worksheet defines violence as the use of physical or psychological means to harm or control others. It identifies stress, overload, and a lack of de-escalation strategies as common causes. Prevention strategies are presented at the individual, team, and institutional levels. The methods include listening to an audio scenario, answering fill-in-the-blank and multiple-choice questions, and creating an infographic in which learners are asked to develop de-escalation and prevention measures in a group setting.

Competences:

• Conflict management: Understanding and applying de-escalation strategies
• Self-reflection: Questioning one's own reactions in emotionally stressful situations
• Problem solving: Developing comprehensive solutions for violence prevention
• Teamwork: Collaborative development of strategies

Target group and level: Trainees in the nursing profession and others interested in deescalation strategies

Objective: The worksheet aims to teach learners about the concept of body image disorder and raise their awareness of the psychological effects of medical changes. It is designed to enable future nursing staff to provide sensitive support to patients experiencing shame, insecurity, and anxiety about their changed bodies.

Content and methods: The worksheet begins with a definition of body image and explains how a disorder develops. It initially focuses on the causes of body image disorders. It highlights the emotional and social effects such as shame and social withdrawal. Solutions such as professional support and self-help groups are mentioned. Learners are asked to summarize the text and answer open-ended questions about the effects of beauty ideals and media representations on body image. An exercise invites learners to reflect on their own body image and write a short letter to their body.

Skills:

• Psychological understanding: Learners understand the complex concept of body image disorder.
• Empathy: They learn to empathize with the emotional situation of patients with stomas.
• Self-reflection: They reflect on their own body image and its influence on their professional attitude.

Target group and level: Students and trainees

Objective: The worksheet aims to sensitize learners to the dynamics of power and self-determination in nursing care in order to practice preventive strategies against violence.

Contents and methods: The core of the worksheet is a role-play that simulates a stressful situation between a nurse and a patient. Learners take on roles such as caregiver, patient, and observer to first reenact the situation as it often occurs in everyday life and then develop a violence-preventive alternative. Detailed role cards provide guidance on portraying emotions such as fear, anger, and frustration. Concluding reflection questions serve to analyze the situations played out and transfer them to everyday practice.

Skills:

• Empathy: Putting oneself in the shoes of caregivers and patients
• Conflict resolution: Practicing preventive and de-escalating action strategies
• Self-reflection: Questioning one's own emotional reactions in stressful situations

Target group and level: The worksheet is aimed at people in nursing professions or in training.

Objective: The worksheet aims to enable learners to reflect on their own feelings in stressful situations and to provide them with strategies for dealing with emotional stress.

Content and methods: Learners are asked about the most common emotions in their everyday and asked to describe a stressful situation. A dialogue scenario between an overwhelmed nurse and a patient serves as an example. Methods include completing checklists and answering open-ended questions to reflect on one's own behavior. Finally, new coping strategies are collected and presented in a mind map.

Skills:

• Self-reflection: Analysis of one's own feelings and reactions
• Emotional intelligence: Understanding one's own emotional stress
• Problem solving: Development of coping strategies

Target group and level: The worksheet is aimed at trainees in nursing professions.