Von der Heilung zur Ganzheitlichkeit

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by to-teach Team
6 pagesAuszubildende in der BerufsschuleHealth and Social Care, Social Pedagogy
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Description

Zielsetzung:

Das übergeordnete Lernziel besteht darin, die Konzepte der Pathogenese und Salutogenese sowie das Kohärenzgefühl nach Antonovsky intensiv kennenzulernen und sich kritisch sowie sachlich mit deren Bedeutung für eine ganzheitliche Gesundheitsförderung auseinanderzusetzen. Die Lernenden sollen befähigt werden, das Modell der Salutogenese als Ergänzung zur klassischen Krankheitslehre zu begreifen und einen ressourcenorientierten Blickwinkel in ihrem professionellen Handeln zu etablieren. Dabei dient das Arbeitsblatt als variables Rahmengerüst, das die sachliche Analyse von Gesundheitspotenzialen unabhängig vom spezifischen Fallbeispiel schult.

Inhalte und Methoden:

Das Arbeitsblatt führt die Lernenden zunächst über ein anschauliches Fluss-Gleichnis in die grundlegenden Unterschiede zwischen Pathogenese und Salutogenese ein. Darauf aufbauend erfolgt eine systematische Gegenüberstellung beider Konzepte, bei der Merkmale wie Ressourcenorientierung und das Gesundheits-Krankheits-Kontinuum erarbeitet werden. Eine Besonderheit der Methodik ist die „lebendige Skala“, bei der die Lernenden physisch im Raum ihre Position auf einem Kontinuum bestimmen und so den dynamischen Charakter von Gesundheit unmittelbar erfahren. Im theoretischen Teil wird das Kohärenzgefühl nach Antonovsky mit seinen drei Säulen – Verstehbarkeit, Handhabbarkeit und Sinnhaftigkeit – detailliert analysiert und durch ein Multiple-Choice-Quiz gefestigt. Der praktische Transfer wird durch ein Rollenspiel realisiert, in dem in Form eines biografischen Interviews gezielt nach Ressourcen einer Person gesucht wird. Den Abschluss bildet eine Gruppenreflexion, die den Perspektivwechsel von einer defizitorientierten hin zu einer ressourcenorientierten Sichtweise im beruflichen Kontext kritisch beleuchtet und das eigene Kohärenzgefühl als „Anker“ in Krisen thematisiert.

Kompetenzen:

  • Fachkompetenz: Tiefgreifendes Verständnis der Unterschiede zwischen Pathogenese und Salutogenese sowie die Fähigkeit, die Säulen des Kohärenzgefühls im beruflichen Alltag zu identifizieren
  • Methodenkompetenz: Durchführung ressourcenorientierter biografischer Interviews und Anwendung von Fragetechniken zur Aktivierung persönlicher Potenziale
  • Reflexionskompetenz: Kritische Bewertung der eigenen professionellen Haltung gegenüber Gesundheit und Krankheit sowie Analyse der eigenen Ressourcenanker
  • Sozialkompetenz: Empathische Gesprächsführung im Rollenspiel und kooperative Erarbeitung von Lösungsansätzen in der Kleingruppe

Zielgruppe und Niveau:

Auszubildende in der Berufsschule

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